شرح درس
Classification of Acids and Bases
CHEMISTRY - Secondary 1
In This part we will study
Acids can be classified according to :
 Its strength (degree of ionization).  Its source. Basicity.
 Classification of acids according to their strength (degree of ionization) :
 Acids are classified according to their degree of ionization in the aqueous solution into :
Strong acids
Which are completely ionized in water.

Their aqueous solutions are good conductors of electricity.
They are considered as strong electrolytes.

Examples
 Perchloric acid HClO4
 Hydroiodic acid HI
 Hydrochloric acid HCl
 Hydrobromic acid HBr
 Sulphuric acid H2SO4
 Nitric acid HNO3

Weak acids
Which are incompletely ionized in water.

Their aqueous solutions are bad conductors of electricity.
They are considered as weak electrolytes.

Examples
 Carbonic acid H2CO3
 Phosphoric acid H3PO4
 Acetic acid (vinegar) CH3COOH
 Formic acid.
 Oxalic acid.
 Citric acid.
 Lactic acid.

There is no relation between the strength of the acid and the number of hydrogen atoms in its molecular structure.
e.g. Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is weaker than nitric acid (HNO3) , although it contains greater number of hydrogen atoms.
Example :
Write the chemical equation that expresses the ionization of acetic acid in water.
Solution :
CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) □(↔┴ ) CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+(aq)


Best wishes to you
Mr.Ahmed Elbasha

كيمياء الصف الاول الثانوي لغات - الفصل الدراسي الاول
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