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In This Part :
Gravitational force
Classification of the Forces:
Forces in nature can be classified into two types, as illustrated in the following chart:
Gravitational Forces
▌The Earth's gravitational force causes all objects to fall downwards in the direction
of the Earth's center.
▌The effect of Earth's gravitational force on material objects within the space surrounding the Earth is referred to as the Earth's gravitational field.

Earth's Gravitational Force
The force that pulls (attracts) all objects downward towards the center of the Earth.

Earth's Gravitational Field
The space in which the Earth's gravitational force affects material objects, with an attraction force towards the center of the Earth.

The Impact of Gravitational Force
The Role of Gravity in the Phenomenon of tides:
Tidal Phenomenon
It is a natural phenomenon that occurs due to the gravitational attraction force between the Moon and Earth, causing periodic changes in elevation and recession of water in the seas and oceans.
The Role of Gravity in Black Holes:
In the early 20th century, scientists discovered regions in space with immense gravity, so that even light cannot escape from them, these regions are known as black holes.
Black Holes
Regions in space formed due to the collapse of a massive star at the end of its life.

The Role of Gravity in Orbital Motion
The Orbital Motion
The rotation of any object in space around another central body in a curved path due to the gravitational attraction force between them.

The relation between the weight of an object and the gravitational field intensity acting on it
The mass of an object remains constant and does not change from one place to another, while the weight of an object changes from one place to another.
Because the mass of an object is the amount of matter it contains, which is a constant quantity that does not change, while the weight of an object changes due to the difference in the gravitational field intensity acting on it, as illustrated in the following figures:


The Earth's gravitational pull on objects is greater than the moon's gravitational pull on them.
Because the gravitational field intensity of the moon at its surface is (1/6) that of Earth's gravitational field intensity at its surface.


The Earth's gravitational field intensity.
- Decreases as you move away (upwards) from the Earth's center (by ascending above the Earth's surface).
- Increases as you move closer (downwards) to the Earth's center (by descending towards the Earth's surface).

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